K. Calloway-Theories and Models of Learning and Instruction

   Theories and Models of Learning and Instruction

 

Each student has different learning styles and techniques. My learning goal for designing instruction for my class is to help students to develop problem-solving skills.  Such skills as analyzing, designing  and implementing computer-based solutions.  The visual and physical learning style could be incorporated with this learning goal.  The two learning theories I would use with these styles are constructive and problem based learning.  These two styles both focus on the role of the teacher as a facilitator of learning who guides the learning process and promotes an environment of inquiry.  Students work is self-directed with active investigation and problem solving in small collaborative groups.  Learning is driven by challenging open ended problems with no defined right answer.

Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction Comparison Chart

Gain attention	Learners are engaged in solving real-world problems.
Inform learner of objectives	Existing knowledge is activated as a foundation for new knowledge
Stimulate recall of prior learning	New knowledge is demonstrated to the learner
Present stimulus material	New knowledge is applied by the learner
Provide learner guidance	New knowledge is integrated into the learner's world.
Elicit performance	New knowledge is demonstrated by the learner.
Provide feedback	Learners have clear expectations.
Assess performance	Learner demonstrates new knowledge.
Enhance retention transfer	New knowledge is applied by learner across the curriculum.

With my goal I would use the whole-task approach, scaffolding, and mathemagenic method to help students learn by allowing the student to become an independent and self-regulating learner and problem solver.  These methods would assist a student’s ability to build on prior knowledge and internalize new information.  As the instructor I would model and clearly define the expectations of the activity to be performed, motivate the student’s interest in the task, and  provide some directions to help the child focus on achieving the goal.

There are benefits in engaging in design research.  Students will feel like they are learning and it motivates them to want to attend class.  Learning becomes fun and engaging for the student and it leads to them becoming life-long learners.